Understanding Monkeypox - Comment
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Monkeypox update 1. Epidemiology and laboratory diagnosis of Monkeypox virus in Africa Nikola Sklenovská Master of Biomedical Sciences KU Leuven Supervisor: prof. dr. Marc VAN RANST Co-supervisor: dr. Piet MAES Instructor: Valentijn VERGOTE 2. 2 Content • Introduction • Epidemiological data, DRC 2014-2016 • Development of qPCR diagnostic assay • Conclusions • Future work 3. 3 Zoonotic diseases MIEF zoonosis conference 2015 7,5 billion people on earth 2,4 billion affected/year 2,3 million death/year Introduction 4. 4 Monkeypox Family Poxviridae Subfamily Chordopoxvirinae Genus Orthopoxvirus Species Camelpox virus Cowpox virus Ecromelia virus Monkeypox virus Raccoonpox virus Skunkpox virus Taterapox virus Vaccinia virus Variola virus Volepox virus Introduction 5. 5 6. 6 7. 7 8. 8 Introduction 9. 9 1. Assess epidemiological characteristics of the most recent monkeypox data. 2. Develop a diagnostic assay for differentiation of MPXV and VZV suitable for field conditions. Aims 10. 10 Democratic Republic of Congo • Provided by prof. dr. Muyembe • September 2014 – February 2016 • Passive surveillance • 223 laboratory confirmed monkeypox cases Materials and Methods 11. 11 Results and Discussion 1981 - 1986 2014 - 2016 17 months72 months 223 cases338 cases Geographical distribution 12. 12 Gender 42% 58% 41% 59% 1981 - 1986 2014 - 2016 ResultsResults and Discussion 13. 13 14. 14 Age ResultsResults and Discussion 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Cases Age (years) 0 20 40 60 80 100 0-2 3-4 5-6 7-9 10-14 ≥ 15 Cases Age (years) 87% 71% 1981 - 1986 2014 - 2016 Likely vaccinated Likely vaccinated 15. 15 Increase of MPX incidence 20-fold increase between 2005 - 2007 compared to 1981 - 1986 Rimoin et al 2010 1981-1986 (cases/month) 2014-2016 (cases/month) DRC 4,7 13,7 Equateur 3,2 11,3 ResultsResults and Discussion 3-fold 223 cases338 cases 16. 16 17. 17 neither 587 suspected VZVMPX 223 40 78 339 tested Results and Discussion Monkeypox misdiagnosed 18. 18 19. 19 1. Assess epidemiological characteristics of the most recent monkeypox data. 2. Develop a diagnostic assay for differentiation of MPXV and VZV suitable for field conditions. Aims 20. 20 Materials and Methods Diagnostic tools 21. 21 Assay development • Multiplex assay for VZV and MPXV detection • Validated with 10 VZV-positive samples 5 MPXV-positive samples 22. 22 Results and Discussion 107 copies 107 copies 102 copies 101 copies 102 - 107 copies 101 - 107 copies VZV standards MPX standards Sensitivity of the assay 23. 23 Results and Discussion VZV MPXV VZV coinfection in MPXV samples 24. 24 Results and Discussion VZV coinfection in MPXV samples 25. 25 VZV MPX Results and Discussion Simultaneous infection 26. 26 VZV MPX Simultaneous infection Results and Discussion Latent VZV 27. 27 Conclusions • Monkeypox incidence is increasing need for effective interventions, surveillance and research • Multiplex qPCR diagnostic assay suitable for field conditions was developed • VZV and MPX coinfections are not rare events? 28. 28 Future work • Prior DNA extraction • Lyophilization of reagents (cold chain) • Testing cidofovir as treatment for monkeypox in humans (clinical trial) 29. “This virus, we are sure, cannot infect humans” Zhengli Shi 30. 30 31. 31 32. 32 |
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| Posted by : peter88 | Post date : 2022-08-03 16:31 | ||
| Category : Health & Medicine | Views : 532 | ||
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